![]() ![]() Local positive feedback regulation determines cell shape in root hair cells. Ca 2+-activated reactive oxygen species production by Arabidopsis RbohH and RbohJ is essential for proper pollen tube tip growth. Role of reactive oxygen species during cell expansion in leaves. Nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species are required for systemic acquired resistance in plants. Mechanisms of plant responses and adaptation to soil salinity. Zhao, C., Zhang, H., Song, C., Zhu, J.-K. Mechanisms of ROS regulation of plant development and stress responses. Peroxisomes sense and respond to environmental cues by regulating ROS and RNS signalling networks. The roles of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in cellular signaling and stress response in plants. Huang, S., Van Aken, O., Schwarzländer, M., Belt, K. Redox- and reactive oxygen species-dependent signaling into and out of the photosynthesizing chloroplast. Reactive oxygen species in plant development. Here, we discuss advancements in ROS compartmentalization, systemic ROS waves, ROS sensing and post-translational modification of ROS-producing enzymes and identify areas where foundational gaps remain. Discoveries highlight the importance of both amino- and carboxy-terminal regulation of NADPH oxidases through protein phosphorylation and cysteine oxidation. Enzymes that produce ROS, including NADPH oxidases, exhibit precise regulation through diverse post-translational modifications. Recent advancements have resulted in the identification of one of the first sensors for extracellular ROS and highlighted waves of ROS production during stress signalling in Arabidopsis. Here, we focus on recent discoveries in ROS biology emphasizing abiotic and biotic stress responses. ROS production is critical for plant development, response to abiotic stresses and immune responses. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential for life and are involved in the regulation of almost all biological processes. ![]()
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